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<pre>The Guardian Weekly (March 16 - 22) had an article on Spain's project to use
sansa as a fuel supply for power generation. Endesa one of the largest
utilities is building two sansa powered stations at a cost of $40m at Jaen
and Ciudad Real. They will produce 32 Mwatts - enough for about 100,000
people. It is not stated what proportion of the output of sansa that will go
to these plants but there are about 200 million olive trees in Spain so I
imagine there is still a lot more around. The article refers jokingly to a
possible renaming of OPEC as the Olive Producers Electricity Cooperative.

Cheers Brian Chatterton
</pre>
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<pre>On Thu, 23 Mar 2000, Stan Kailis wrote:

> Although Spain and other large producers are using sansa, Mr Raponeli of
> Perugia has developed a simple machine that separates the crushed pit
> from the exhausted flesh after crushed olives are processed for oil.
> These two by-products can be used for compost and making fuel bricks.

The "dry" component of pressing wastes (pulp and stones) are used as fuel
in the Middle East, without separating them. Occasionally the "jift" is
used as fertilizer, but more commonly it is used as a fuel, both
commerically (pottery kilns) and domestically. It is also used to make
commercial charcoal in Jordan. Burns very well, too.

Sincerely,

Peter Warnock
>
</pre>
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<pre>It is interesting to hear of new ways of using by-product from olive oil
manufacture. I have been asked how about large plantings for fuel and
chemical production. In chemical production fatty acids, particularly if
unsaturated can be converted to other compounds that can be used as raw
material for other processes. With respect to fuel some engines if
started on conventional fuels can then be operated woth vegetable oils.
My view is that seed oils may be the way to go. Another fuel can be
produced reacting the vegetable oil with alkali and methanol. The
products are very volatile and so can be used as a direct fuel.

Although Spain and other large producers are using sansa, Mr Raponeli of
Perugia has developed a simple machine that separates the crushed pit
from the exhausted flesh after crushed olives are processed for oil.
These two by-products can be used for compost and making fuel bricks.

I was lucky enough to spend the day with Mr Raponeli, Professors
Montedoro, Tombesi, Servili and Pallioti in Perugia where the machine
was on display.

This year I am looking forward to hosting Professor Serviliat our 3rd
International Olive School and 4th Olive Cultural and Scientific
Symposium in Western Australia between June 11 and June 18.

Professor Stan Kailis
</pre>
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<pre>Professor,
Is the Symposium open to the general public. If so can you please
provide details of visiting lecturers, subjects,
times, costs and venues etc.

Andrew & Val Brown

>
> This year I am looking forward to hosting Professor Serviliat our 3rd
International Olive School and 4th Olive
> Cultural and Scientific Symposium in Western Australia between June 11 and
June 18.
>
</pre>
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<pre>Dear Andrew and others. If you require more detailed information about
our 3rd International Olive School and 4th Olive Cultural and Scientific
Symposium send me your postal address or fax no.

Briefly
3rd International Olive School

2000 Faculty

Prof Stan Kailis Australia
Prof Maurizio Servili Italy
Carlo Costa South Africa

Past faculty have included:

1998
Dr Louise Ferguson USA
Prof Apostolos Kiritsakis Greece
Prof Andrea Fabbri Italy (Propagation School)

1999
Dr Maurozio Lambardi Italy
Dr Juan Tous Spain

The School covers all aspects of olive growing and olive processing.

Dates June 11 to 16 2000
Fee AUS$1000 includes all accomodation, meals and tuition. We expect 40
participants.

Symposium
June 16 to 18 2000 (Weekend)

Fee Aus $375 includes all accomodation, meals and tuition. Includes
three pleanary presentations, workshops and demonstrations in the olive
grove. We expect 150 participants.

Venue - New Norcia a unique Benedictine Monastery Town 140km north of
Perth Western Australia.

2001 will be the 5th Symposium and we are calling for papers and
presentations. Dates to be announced.

Prof Stan Kailis.
</pre>
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<pre>Farmers in Tunisia and other North African countries have been feeding
sansa to sheep for ever.... My understanding is that it is usually mixed
with other feeds as ruminant animals have a limited ability to digest fats
but I imagine this would depend greatly on the residual oil content of the
sansa.
I have been struck by the fact that CSIRO advocated the feeding of
fat to ruminants on pastures likely to cause bloat. Perhaps sansa could be
marketed as a special anti bloat feed!

Cheers Brian Chatterton.
</pre>
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<pre>I agree about the dangers of feeding waste but sansa is quite different
from feeding meat meal back to the same animals or poultry manure to cows
and sheep. These ideas are asking for trouble as they create a loop for
possible infections. A good example of scientific hubris.

Sansa is different as it is conceivably a natural food for these
animals - certainly goat will eat olives and olive trees. Sansa does have
some feed value depending on the oil content - the energy value of oil is
high. The problem is that once the rumen has developed (that is when the
calf or lamb start to be weaned) the ability to digest a fatty diet is not
high so the sansa must be diluted with other feeds.

Of course this all assumes a dry sansa from an old style press or a
modern three phase. What will they do with the sloppy sansa from the two
phase centrifuges being installed in some Australian frantoio (for example
in Loxton in SA)?

My version of Cato mentions the watery waste being used as a
herbicide and insecticide but not the dry sansa. Maybe other Roman
agricultural writers or other translators have other ideas.

Cheers Brian Chatterton.
</pre>
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<pre>HI Brian

POMACE: or SANSA in Italian means "JIFT" in Arabic.

In Jordan a few mills process their Jift to make charcoal. Most mills, sell
their Jift, really cheap, to a processing plant to extract whatever olive
oil left in it to make soap. Some sell it to cattle farmers for mixing with
their animals feed.

My family's owned mills, produce a combined 4,000 tons of Jift on average
annually. I have once investigated the idea of producing charcoal as well
on a commercial level. It is still an idea ;-)

Thanks to all the members for following the OliveOil 2.6 guideline.

Jamal Sadoun
Moderator
</pre>
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<pre>Residue from the olive oil mill is often called "pomace" in English
speaking countries because there is no special word. The Oxford
dictionary says it applies to any waste from fruit processing but
specially cider.

In Italian there is a special word"sansa" which is just for olive waste
and the name appears on olive oil bottles where the oil is extracted by
heat and solvents from the sansa.

I imagine there must be special words for it in Arabic, Spanish, Greek
and other Mediterranean languages.

Cheers Brian Chatterton
</pre>
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<pre>Sadoun,

I'm very familiar with the olive waste (jift) charcoal in Jordan, in fact,
I've even found it sold in a store here in Columbia, Missouri.

As for other uses of the jift, potters near the Queen Alia airport buy a
lot of jift to fuel their kilns, and many people in northern Jordan still
use jift as a winter fuel. The majority of people at mills that I talked
to used the jift for fuel rather than fertilizer. However, these were
not the mills doing the chemical extraction, so there may be a difference
in use there.

Peter Warnock
Dept. of Anthropology
Swallow Hall
University of Missouri
Columbia, MO 65211
(573) 443-4203
(573) 884-5450 (fax)
pjwd29@mizzou.edu


On Fri, 12 Jan 2001, Sadoun wrote:

> HI Brian
>
> POMACE: or SANSA in Italian means "JIFT" in Arabic.
>
> In Jordan a few mills process their Jift to make charcoal. Most mills, sell
> their Jift, really cheap, to a processing plant to extract whatever olive
> oil left in it to make soap. Some sell it to cattle farmers for mixing with
> their animals feed.
>
> My family's owned mills, produce a combined 4,000 tons of Jift on average
> annually. I have once investigated the idea of producing charcoal as well
> on a commercial level. It is still an idea ;-)
>
> Thanks to all the members for following the OliveOil 2.6 guideline.
>
> Jamal Sadoun
> Moderator
>
>
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</pre>
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