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<pre>I'm usually a very quiet observer on this list, but I am interested to know
about olive trees and frost. In particular, is anybody using a product on
their trees that is designed to minimise frost damage? I would like to
write an article for the Autumn 2001 issue of The Olive Press on this
subject, but don't want it to be one-sided. Any information that anyone on
this list could provide will be gratefully received.
Thank you in advance,
</pre>
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<pre>Margaret,
Getting frost control or protection is more about management using a number
of methods and products rather than attempting to find any one particular
wonder product.
There are some products which claim to assist with frost.
I use liquid seaweed/fish and a product called EM.
EM is a bacterial inoculant which contains within the culture frost
reducing bacteria.
I mave made the observation last winter that this may well have foundation
as some trees I sprayed did not receive the same frost damage as other
trees which were not sprayed.
A trial will be carried out this next winter to see if the point or level of
control can be determined.
Neville Burt
----- Original Message -----
From: "Margaret Chidgey" <chidgey@mpx.com.au>
To: <OliveOil@egroups.com>
Sent: Saturday, November 18, 2000 3:48 PM
Subject: [OliveOil] Frost protection methods


> I'm usually a very quiet observer on this list, but I am interested to
know
> about olive trees and frost. In particular, is anybody using a product on
> their trees that is designed to minimise frost damage? I would like to
> write an article for the Autumn 2001 issue of The Olive Press on this
> subject, but don't want it to be one-sided. Any information that anyone on
> this list could provide will be gratefully received.
> Thank you in advance,
>
>
>
> ************************************************** ***
> Addresses:
> Post message: OliveOil@egroups.com
> Subscribe: OliveOil-subscribe@egroups.com
> Unsubscribe: OliveOil-unsubscribe@egroups.com
> List owner: OliveOil-owner@egroups.com
> URL to this page: http://www.egroups.com/group/OliveOil
>
>
>
</pre>
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<pre>Here is some information I gleaned from Dr. Steve Lindow, University of
California Plant Pathologist, Berkeley Calif. who has done considerable work
with frost protection materials over the years as they effect ice nucleating
bacteria. Of course, this information, by design, relates to California
crops but should have some utility (indeed a starting point) for
understanding the potential for olives. Here are his comments:

"The most effective frost control material for most crops is simply copper
compounds - they are registered on most crops and, if applied as a
preventative as far in advance of the frost as possible will generally
provide significant frost control. This is what we recommend for use of
citrus for example, where the coppers are generally applied about the end of
October to prevent the growth of ice nucleation active bacteria on citrus as
the weather turns cooler and wetter in the fall. Coppers also work on
spring frost such as on tomato etc. but generally must be applied shortly
after emergence and periodically to maintain a protective covering on the
plant (much like any other protective fungicide). The antagonist bacterium
Pseudomonas fluorescens A506 (BlightBan A506 also works well on certain
crops such as pear and apple, and is also applied to plant before a
population of ice nucleation active bacteria have built up - it acts by
competing with ice nucleators as they try to grow on plants.
Frostgaurd has little effect on frost as far as I have ever seen. We did
some tests on citrus a few years ago and saw no effect. It is based on some
of my earlier work in which I showed that protein denaturants could be used
as a "day-before" treatment to inactivate bacteria ice nuclei. This is
still an effective strategy, but none of these agents is registered, and
although some such as urea will not need registration, I have not pursued
this for a while. As I understand Frostgaurd contains sugar water, and some
copper salts, but at the concentrations that it is used probably could not
act as a nucleation inhibitor."

Hope this helps.

Steve Sibbett
U.C. Farm Advisor
Phone - office 559.733.6486
Mobil 559.280.0666
FAX 559.734.2708

-----Original Message-----
From: Margaret Chidgey [mailto:chidgey@mpx.com.au]
Sent: Friday, November 17, 2000 6:48 PM
To: OliveOil@egroups.com
Subject: [OliveOil] Frost protection methods


I'm usually a very quiet observer on this list, but I am interested to know
about olive trees and frost. In particular, is anybody using a product on
their trees that is designed to minimise frost damage? I would like to
write an article for the Autumn 2001 issue of The Olive Press on this
subject, but don't want it to be one-sided. Any information that anyone on
this list could provide will be gratefully received.
Thank you in advance,



************************************************** ***
Addresses:
Post message: OliveOil@egroups.com
Subscribe: OliveOil-subscribe@egroups.com
Unsubscribe: OliveOil-unsubscribe@egroups.com
List owner: OliveOil-owner@egroups.com
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</pre>
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<pre>Regarding the use of copper (copper oxychloride or Bordeauax Mixture),
if fruit is sprayed with these, the fruit must be washed thoroughly
before processing.

Copper is a prooxidant ie assists oxidation of olive oil and rancidity

Copper is a metal contaminnt and there are prescribed levels in food
stuffs therefore important in processed table olives.

Stan Kailis
</pre>
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<pre>Thanks for adding that.

Steve Sibbett
U.C. Farm Advisor
Phone - office 559.733.6486
Mobil 559.280.0666
FAX 559.734.2708

-----Original Message-----
From: Stan Kailis [mailto:kailis@ca.com.au]
Sent: Saturday, November 25, 2000 6:02 AM
To: OliveOil@egroups.com
Subject: Re: [OliveOil] Frost protection methods


Regarding the use of copper (copper oxychloride or Bordeauax Mixture),
if fruit is sprayed with these, the fruit must be washed thoroughly
before processing.

Copper is a prooxidant ie assists oxidation of olive oil and rancidity

Copper is a metal contaminnt and there are prescribed levels in food
stuffs therefore important in processed table olives.

Stan Kailis



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</pre>
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<pre>Frost:

Frost prevention is more than just about spraying anyone compound and hoping
for success.
Helping minimise frost damage requires a management strategy using a number
of methods in injunction with some products. I live in a frost prone area
and can speak from experience, having between 70-80 frosts per year.
Let me elaborate further and give you my management programme

1. Plant the most suitable varieties for your conditions. (in my case
Leccino, Frantoio, Pendolino and Maurino).
2. Plant new trees after the last expected frost date to give maximum period
of acclimatisation, before winter frosts.
3. Maintain area around tree free of weeds
4. Maintain moisture levels in soil especially over winter.
5. Avoid use of high nitrogenous fertilisers as these can cause soft growth
easily damaged by cold.
6. Spray trees 10-14 daily with a product with frost reducing activity (I
use kelp and EM-Effective Micro-organism)
7. Maintain organic matter around the tree to assist nutrient recycling and
moisture retention.

NOTE:
As previously posted copper has a frost controlling capability but I avoid
this compound for the following reasons
1, Copper is metal compound-excessive use may result in copper toxicity in
the soil with continued use over time as a result of over spray and rain.
2, Copper being a fungicide will effectively destroy the leaf surface
biofilm ie, kill all organisms that reside on the leaf surface, and in turn
may create further tree health problems.

Anyone interested in supply of EM or New Zealand Kelp may contact me direct.

Neville Burt

----- Original Message -----
From: "Steve Sibbett" <sibbett@lightspeed.net>
To: <OliveOil@egroups.com>
Sent: Sunday, November 26, 2000 6:28 AM
Subject: RE: [OliveOil] Frost protection methods


> Thanks for adding that.
>
> Steve Sibbett
> U.C. Farm Advisor
> Phone - office 559.733.6486
> Mobil 559.280.0666
> FAX 559.734.2708
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Stan Kailis [mailto:kailis@ca.com.au]
> Sent: Saturday, November 25, 2000 6:02 AM
> To: OliveOil@egroups.com
> Subject: Re: [OliveOil] Frost protection methods
>
>
> Regarding the use of copper (copper oxychloride or Bordeauax Mixture),
> if fruit is sprayed with these, the fruit must be washed thoroughly
> before processing.
>
> Copper is a prooxidant ie assists oxidation of olive oil and rancidity
>
> Copper is a metal contaminnt and there are prescribed levels in food
> stuffs therefore important in processed table olives.
>
> Stan Kailis
>
>
>
> ************************************************** ***
> Addresses:
> Post message: OliveOil@egroups.com
> Subscribe: OliveOil-subscribe@egroups.com
> Unsubscribe: OliveOil-unsubscribe@egroups.com
> List owner: OliveOil-owner@egroups.com
> URL to this page: http://www.egroups.com/group/OliveOil
>
>
>
>
>
> ************************************************** ***
> Addresses:
> Post message: OliveOil@egroups.com
> Subscribe: OliveOil-subscribe@egroups.com
> Unsubscribe: OliveOil-unsubscribe@egroups.com
> List owner: OliveOil-owner@egroups.com
> URL to this page: http://www.egroups.com/group/OliveOil
>
>
>
</pre>
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<pre>Dear all

This is just a test email. I have not had any mail from the group for a
couple of days. Seems that I may be off the air or everyone is busy with
their olives.

Stan kailis
</pre>
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<pre>Going through the archives, noticed this request for help on frost
protection. For those not yet exposed to the idea, it is well documented
that the use of kelp in a plant's growing program will raise the sugar
levels in the plant. Not only does it have other benefits such as better
production - including sizing, color and oil quality - and increased pest
and disease resistance, but the higher sugar levels offer frost protection
in the order of 1-2 C.

Hope this helps.

Gerhard Grasser
Secretary, Gippsland Organic Livestock

AgriSolutions Pty Ltd
PO Box 81
Darnum VIC 3822
Australia.

Phone/fax 03 5627 8663
Mobile 0402 213 736

*** GreenTek non-chemical weeding systems
*** Soil fertility specialists - Albrecht principles
*** Independent soil, water & foliage testing
*** Kelp, seaweeds and fish for soil, plants and animals
*** Natural farming advisory service
----- Original Message -----
From: "Margaret Chidgey" <chidgey@mpx.com.au>
To: <OliveOil@egroups.com>
Sent: 18 November, 2000 12:48 PM
Subject: [OliveOil] Frost protection methods


> I'm usually a very quiet observer on this list, but I am interested to
know
> about olive trees and frost. In particular, is anybody using a product on
> their trees that is designed to minimise frost damage? I would like to
> write an article for the Autumn 2001 issue of The Olive Press on this
> subject, but don't want it to be one-sided. Any information that anyone on
> this list could provide will be gratefully received.
> Thank you in advance,
>
>
>
> ************************************************** ***
> Addresses:
> Post message: OliveOil@egroups.com
> Subscribe: OliveOil-subscribe@egroups.com
> Unsubscribe: OliveOil-unsubscribe@egroups.com
> List owner: OliveOil-owner@egroups.com
> URL to this page: http://www.egroups.com/group/OliveOil
>
>
>
</pre>
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